Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Religious Figures & Theologians

32

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Marpa Chokyi Lodro

མར་པ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་བློ་གྲོས

China

c. 1012 – c. 1097 (85 years old)

Tibetan householder yogi and translator who journeyed thrice to India, studied under Naropa and Maitripa, and founded the Kagyu lineage in Tibet, famously mentoring Milarepa.

Lhodrak, China

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Philosophy & Thought

8

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Al-Sarakhsi

محمد بن أحمد السرخسي

Iran

1009 – 1096 (87 years old)

Monumental 11th-century Hanafi jurist titled 'Sun of the Imams' who dictated his thirty-volume legal masterpiece 'Al-Mabsut' from memory inside a prison well.

Uzgend, Kyrgyzstan

8 Full Record →

Religious Figures & Theologians

15

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Imam al-Hadrami

الإمام الحضرمي

Tunisia

c. 1020 – 1095 (~75 years old)

Eminent 11th-century philosopher and jurist of the Almoravid movement who served as Chief Qadi of the Saharan capital of Azougui, authoring the earliest mirror-for-princes in the Sahara.

Azougui (Adrar), Mauritania

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Literature & Poetry

20

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Abu al-Hasan al-Husari

أبو الحسن الحصري القيرواني

Tunisia

c. 1029 – 1095 (~66 years old)

Blind master lyricist of Kairouan whose romantic masterpiece 'Ya Laylu al-Sabbu Mata Ghaduhu' (O Night, When Will the Lover's Dawn Arrive?) became one of the most famous love poems in Arabic history.

Tangier, Morocco

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Sciences & Discovery

45

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Shen Kuo (Shen Gua)

沈括

China

1031 CE – 1095 CE (64 years old)

Song Dynasty universal polymath whose Dream Pool Essays described the magnetic needle compass (magnetic declination), petrified bamboo fossils (geomorphology), and movable type printing.

Yuhang (Hangzhou, Zhejiang), China

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Military Leaders & Strategists

34

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Malik Shah I

جلال الدولة معز الدنيا والدين ملكشاه

Seljuk Empire

1055 – 1092 (37 years old)

Third and greatest Sultan of the Great Seljuk Empire whose reign, alongside Grand Vizier Nizam al-Mulk, represented the military and cultural zenith of medieval Islamic civilization.

Isfahan, Iran

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

50

🕯️ 930

Nizam al-Mulk

Abu Ali Hasan ibn Ali Tusi

Iran

1018-04-10 – 1092-10-14 (74 years old)

Pinnacle of medieval Islamic statecraft and institutional administration; built the educational foundations that fostered minds like Al-Ghazali.

Near Sahneh, Kermanshah, Iran

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Philosophy & Thought

3

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Khwaja Abdullah Ansari

خواجه عبدالله انصاری

Afghanistan

1006-05-04 – 1089-03-08 (82 years old)

Colossal 11th-century Persian Sufi mystic and Islamic scholar known as Pir-e Herat (The Sage of Herat), author of the beloved Munajat (Whispered Prayers) and Stations of the Wayfarers.

Herat, Afghanistan

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

11

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Al-Nasir ibn Alnas

الناصر بن علناس بن حماد

Algeria

c. 1030 – 1088 (~58 years old)

Fifth Hammadid Sultan who founded the Mediterranean maritime capital of En-Nasiriya (modern Bejaïa) in 1067 and built the legendary Pearl Palace (Qasr al-Lu'lu'a).

Bejaïa, Algeria

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

50

🕯️ 1,150

William I of England (William the Conqueror / Guillaume le Conquérant)

Guillaume le Conquérant

France

c. 1028 CE – 9 September 1087 (~59 years old)

Duke of Normandy who launched the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, decisively winning the Battle of Hastings. Replaced the Anglo-Saxon aristocracy with Anglo-Norman feudalism, commissioned the Domesday Book, and built the Tower of London.

Rouen, France

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Sciences & Discovery

8

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Ibrahim ibn al-Zarqali of Morocco

إبراهيم بن يحيى الزرقالي

Morocco

c. 1029 – 1087 (~58 years old)

Pioneering astronomer whose planetary tables ('Toledan Tables') and universal astrolabe ('Azafea' / Al-Safiha) were adopted by Moroccan astronomers in Fez and across Renaissance Europe.

Fez / Cordoba, Morocco

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

10

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Abu Bakr ibn Umar al-Lamtuni

أبو بكر بن عمر اللمتوني

Morocco

c. 1020 – 1087 (~67 years old)

Supreme Almoravid leader who laid the foundation stone of Marrakech in 1062, selflessly transferred northern rule to Yusuf ibn Tashfin, and conquered the Ghana Empire.

Tagant (honored in Marrakech), Mauritania

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

13

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Abu Bakr ibn Amer

أبو بكر بن عامر اللمتوني

Mauritania

c. 1025 – 1087 (~62 years old)

Pivotal Almoravid military leader who conquered the southern Saharan trade corridors, captured Koumbi Saleh, and established the fortified capital of Azougui in the Adrar plateau.

Atar (Adrar), Mauritania

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Sciences & Discovery

29

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Constantinus Africanus

قسطنطين الإفريقي

Tunisia

c. 1020 – c. 1087 (67 years old)

North African physician and scholar who revolutionized European medicine by translating dozens of monumental Arabic medical and pharmacological texts into Latin at Salerno and Monte Cassino.

Cassino, Italy

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

47

🕯️ 650

Wang Anshi

王安石

China

1021-12-08 – 1086-05-21 (64 years old)

Pioneered welfare-state economics and proto-monetary market regulation nearly a millennium ahead of modern Western state planning.

Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

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Religious Figures & Theologians

35

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Abd al-Malik ibn Abd Allah al-Juwayni

إمام الحرمين الجويني

🌐 Seljuk Empire

1028 – 1085 (57 years old)

Eminent Shafi'i jurist and theologian who taught in Mecca and Medina, headed the prestigious Nizamiyya Academy of Nishapur, and mentored Abu Hamid al-Ghazali.

Nishapur, Iran

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Military Leaders & Strategists

35

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Robert Guiscard (The Cunning)

Robert Guiscard / Robert de Hauteville

France

1 – 1085 (70 years old)

Norman adventurer and conqueror who established the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria, drove Byzantium and Saracens from southern Italy, and sacked Rome.

Venosa, Italy

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Religion

7

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Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Lakhmi

أبو الحسن علي اللخمي الصفاقسي

Tunisia

c. 1005 AD – 1085 AD (~80 years old)

Venerated 11th-century jurist of Sfax, one of the 'Four Master Commentators' of the Maliki school, author of Al-Tabsira, and patron saint of the Great Mosque of Sfax.

Sfax, Tunisia

7 Full Record →