Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Religious Figures & Theologians

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Judah Halevi (Author of the Kuzari)

יהודה הלוי / يهوذا اللاوي

Spain

c. 1075 CE – c. 1141 CE (66 years old)

Premier Hebrew poet of Muslim Spain and author of The Kuzari. His passionate poetic verses ("My heart is in the East, and I am at the ends of the West") expressed the deepest spiritual yearning of the Jewish diaspora for Jerusalem.

Jerusalem, Palestine

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Politics

8

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Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi

الملكة أروى الصليحي

Yemen

1048 – 5 May 1138 (90 years old)

Legendary Queen of Yemen who ruled independently for over fifty years, built roads, mosques, and agricultural terraces from her mountain capital of Jibla.

Jibla, Yemen

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Philosophy & Thought

32

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Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)

أبو بكر محمد بن يحيى بن الصائغ بن باجة التجيبي

spain

c. 1085 CE – c. 1138 CE (53 years old)

Pioneering Andalusian philosopher, astronomer, and musician known to the Latin West as Avempace, author of The Regime of the Solitary and critic of Ptolemaic epicycles.

Fez, Morocco

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Monarchy

6

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Louis VI the Fat

Louis VI le Gros

France

1081 – 1137 (55 years old)

Energetic Capetian King of the Franks who spent twenty-nine years in the saddle pacifying lawless robber barons in the Île-de-France, establishing royal justice and granting municipal charters to rising towns.

Saint-Denis, France

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Philosophy & Thought

35

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Ramanuja

रामानुज

India

c. 1017 – c. 1137 (120 years old)

Supreme Hindu philosopher-theologian who founded Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-Dualism) Vedanta, author of the 'Sri Bhashya', who championed loving devotion (Bhakti) and opened sacred temple mantras to all castes.

Srirangam (Tamil Nadu), India

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Religious Figures & Theologians

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Sri Ramanujacharya (Acharya of Vishishtadvaita)

रामानुजाचार्य (Rāmānujācārya)

India

13 April 1017 CE – c. 1137 CE (119 years old)

Eleventh-century philosopher-theologian who formulated Vishishtadvaita (Qualified Non-Dualism). Challenged pure illusionism by proving that the universe and individual souls (Jivas) are the real body of the Supreme Lord (Narayana).

Srirangam, India

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Religious Figures & Theologians

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Jetsun Milarepa

རྗེ་བཙུན་མི་ལ་རས་པ

China

c. 1052 – c. 1135 (83 years old)

Tibet's supreme poet-saint and yogi who transformed from a remorseful practitioner of black magic into an enlightened master, singing 'The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa'.

Nyalam, China

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Literature & Poetry

12

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Abu Muhammad Abd al-Jabbar Ibn Hamdis

عبد الجبار بن أبي بكر بن حمديس الصقلي

Italy

1056 – 1133 (77 years old)

Celebrated Arab-Sicilian poet who fled Norman conquest and spent his golden creative years at the Hammadid court of Bejaïa, where he died in 1133.

Bejaïa, Algeria

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Sciences & Discovery

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Omar Khayyam

عمر خیام نیشابوری

Iran

18 May 1048 – 4 December 1131 (83 years old)

Persian polymath who geometrically solved cubic equations using intersecting conics, designed the ultra-precise Jalali solar calendar, and penned the world-famous Rubaiyat.

Nishapur (Razavi Khorasan), Iran

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Literature & Poetry

7

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Sanai of Ghazna

سنایی غزنوی

Afghanistan

c. 1080 – 1131 (51 years old)

Trailblazing Persian poet of the Ghaznavid era who pioneered the mystical didactic masnavi form with his monumental 'Hadiqat al-Haqiqa'.

Ghazni, Afghanistan

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Religious Figures & Theologians

32

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Abu al-Majd Majdud ibn Adam Sanai

سنایی غزنوی

Afghanistan

c. 1080 – c. 1131 (51 years old)

Pioneering Persian poet and mystic whose 'Hadiqat al-Haqiqa' (The Walled Garden of Truth) was the first major mystical masnavi, directly inspiring Attar and Rumi.

Ghazni, Afghanistan

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Religious Figures & Theologians

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Al-Mahdi ibn Tumart

محمد بن تومرت (المهدي)

Morocco

c. 1080 – 1130 (~50 years old)

Masmuda Berber religious reformer who studied in Baghdad under Al-Ghazali, proclaimed himself the Mahdi, authored the theology of Tawhid (Divine Unity), and founded the Almohad revolution in Tinmel.

Tinmel (High Atlas), Morocco

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Religious Figures & Theologians

8

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Abu al-Walid Muhammad ibn Rushd (The Grandfather)

أبو الوليد محمد بن أحمد بن رشد (الجد)

Spain

1058 – 1126 (68 years old)

The illustrious grandfather of philosopher Averroes, Chief Justice (Qadi al-Qudat) of the Almoravid Empire, author of the monumental 20-volume legal compendium 'Al-Bayan wa-l-Tahsil'.

Cordoba (revered in Fez & Marrakech), Spain

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Military Leaders & Strategists

11

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Ali ibn Inal

علي بن ينال اللمتوني

Morocco

c. 1065 – 1125 (~60 years old)

Almoravid governor of Granada who fortified the Alhambra citadel and led the defense of southern Andalusia against King Alfonso I of Aragon.

Granada (honored in Marrakech), Spain

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Religious Figures & Theologians

31

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Bahya ben Joseph ibn Paquda

בחיי אבן פקודה

Spain

c. 1050 – c. 1120 (70 years old)

Andalusian Jewish philosopher and dayyan (rabbinic judge) who authored 'Duties of the Heart' (Al-Hidayah ila Fara'id al-Qulub), the foundational classic of Jewish ethics.

Zaragoza, Spain

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

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Alexios I Komnenos

Ἀλέξιος Αʹ Κομνηνός

Turkey

c. 1048 CE – 1118 (~70 years old)

Byzantine Emperor who founded the Komnenian dynasty, rescued the empire from near-collapse, and whose appeal to Rome sparked the First Crusade.

Constantinople (Istanbul), Turkey

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Military Leaders & Strategists

10

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Mazdali ibn Tilankan

مزدلي بن تيلنكان

Morocco

c. 1055 – 1115 (~60 years old)

Audacious Almoravid military governor of Cordoba and Granada, nephew of Yusuf ibn Tashfin, who defended Islamic Spain against the Cid and Alfonso VI.

Marrakech, Morocco

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Military Leaders & Strategists

9

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Muhammad ibn Aisha

محمد بن عائشة اللمتوني

Morocco

c. 1060 – c. 1115 (~55 years old)

Brilliant Almoravid general and grand admiral who captured Valencia following the death of El Cid and integrated the Balearic Islands into the Moroccan Empire.

Marrakech, Morocco

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