Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Arts & Music

44

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Robert Alexander Schumann

Robert Schumann

Germany

8 June 1810 – 29 July 1856 (46 years old)

Supreme German Romantic composer and influential critic whose poetic piano cycles (Carnaval, Kreisleriana), passionate lieder year of 1840 (Dichterliebe), and advocacy for Brahms defined the Romantic spirit.

Endenich (Bonn), Germany

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Arts & Music

30

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Sidi Amor Abada

سيدي عمر عبادة

Tunisia

c. 1790 – 1855 (65 years old)

Visionary 19th-century Sufi saint, prophet-craftsman, and master blacksmith of Kairouan who constructed the spectacular Mosque of the Sabres with its colossal iron swords and six fluted domes.

Kairouan, Tunisia

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Arts & Music

35

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John Martin

John Martin

Great Britain

1789 – 1854 (64 years old)

English Romantic painter and engraver celebrated for his apocalyptic biblical visions of cosmic catastrophe and colossal architecture, including 'The Great Day of His Wrath'.

Braddan, Isle of Man

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Arts & Music

1,519

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J. M. W. Turner

Joseph Mallord William Turner

Great Britain

1775 – 1851 (76 years old)

England's supreme 'Painter of Light' whose luminous, swirling seascapes and steam locomotives heralded Modernism.

London, United Kingdom

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Arts & Music

25

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Sidi Kaddour El Alami

سيدي قدور العلمي

Morocco

1742 – 1850 (108 years old)

Supreme classical master of Moroccan Melhun poetry whose timeless qasidas, notably 'Dar Sidi Kaddour', defined the golden age of urban lyrical song.

Meknes, Morocco

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Arts & Music

41

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Frédéric François Chopin (Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin)

Fryderyk Chopin

Poland

1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849 (39 years old)

Polish musical genius and 'Poet of the Piano' whose nocturnes, ballades, polonaises, and études revolutionized piano technique and embodied the heroic yearning (*żal*) of Polish national identity.

Paris, France

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Arts & Music

45

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Katsushika Hokusai

葛飾 北斎

Japan

31 October 1760 – 10 May 1849 (~89 years old)

Supreme master of Japanese ukiyo-e woodblock printing whose iconic series Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji—above all The Great Wave off Kanagawa—captivated the world and inspired European Impressionism and Japonisme.

Edo (Tokyo), Japan

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Arts & Music

3,944

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Gaetano Donizetti

Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti

Italy

1797 – 1848 (50 years old)

Leading Italian bel canto composer renowned for his dramatic tragedy Lucia di Lammermoor and comic gem L'elisir d'amore.

Bergamo, Italy

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Arts & Music

1,470

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Felix Mendelssohn

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy

Germany

1809 – 1847 (38 years old)

German early Romantic composer, pianist, and conductor celebrated for his luminous melodies and revival of J.S. Bach's music.

Berlin, Germany

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Arts & Music

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Bertel Thorvaldsen

Bertel Thorvaldsen

Denmark

1770 – 1844 (73 years old)

Danish master sculptor of Neoclassicism whose severe classical purity rivaled Canova, creator of the 'Lion of Lucerne' and the majestic Christus statue in Copenhagen Cathedral.

Copenhagen, Denmark

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Arts & Music

3,939

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Niccolò Paganini

Niccolò Paganini

Italy

1782 – 1840 (57 years old)

Legendary Italian violin virtuoso and composer whose superhuman technical wizardry sparked rumors of a pact with the Devil.

Parma, Italy

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Arts & Music

2,444

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Caspar David Friedrich

Caspar David Friedrich

Germany

1774 – 1840 (65 years old)

Foremost painter of the German Romantic movement whose contemplative figures before majestic nature embodied the Sublime.

Dresden, Germany

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Arts & Music

4,012

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John Constable

John Constable

Great Britain

1776 – 1837 (60 years old)

English Romantic landscape master celebrated for his loving, luminous paintings of Dedham Vale and The Hay Wain.

London, United Kingdom

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Arts & Music

3,275

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Vincenzo Bellini

Vincenzo Salvatore Carmelo Francesco Bellini

Italy

1801 – 1835 (33 years old)

Quintessential Italian bel canto composer celebrated for his long, flowing, melancholy melodies in Norma and I puritani.

Catania, Sicily, Italy

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Arts & Music

36

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Muzio Clementi

Muzio Filippo Vincenzo Francesco Saverio Clementi

Italy

1752 – 1832 (80 years old)

Italian-English composer, pianist, and instrument manufacturer celebrated as the 'Father of Modern Pianoforte Technique' and creator of the landmark pedagogical suite 'Gradus ad Parnassum'.

Evesham, United Kingdom

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Arts & Music

37

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Sir Thomas Lawrence

Thomas Lawrence

Great Britain

1769 – 1830 (60 years old)

Child prodigy and President of the Royal Academy who became the pre-eminent British portraitist of the Regency era, immortalized by his Waterloo Chamber royal portraits.

London, United Kingdom

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Arts & Music

46

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Franz Peter Schubert

Franz Peter Schubert

Austria

31 January 1797 – 19 November 1828 (31 years old)

Austrian Early Romantic composer of heartbreaking melodic beauty who elevated the German Lied to an immortal fine art form with over 600 art songs (Erlkönig, Winterreise) and composed the Unfinished Symphony.

Vienna, Austria

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Arts & Music

36

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Jean-Antoine Houdon

Jean-Antoine Houdon

France

1741 – 1828 (87 years old)

Supreme French portrait sculptor of the Enlightenment whose vivid marble busts captured Voltaire, Diderot, Benjamin Franklin, and George Washington with intense psychological realism.

Paris, France

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