Public Figures & Cultural Luminaries

Literature & Poetry

6

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Maksim Bahdanovic

Максім Багдановіч

Belarus

1891-12-09 – 1917-05-25 (25 years old)

Tragic young genius of Belarusian lyric poetry who mastered European poetic forms (sonnets, triolets) in his immortal 1913 collection 'Vyenok' before dying of tuberculosis at age twenty-five.

Yalta, Ukraine

6 Full Record →

Prophets & Divine Messengers

4

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Kaba of Atacora

Kaba

🌐 Benin

1870-01-01 – 1917-04-26 (47 years old)

Heroic Somba / Ditammari chieftain who led the 1914–1917 Atacora insurrection against French forced labour, colonial recruitment, and taxation in northern Dahomey.

Natitingou, Benin

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Statesmanship & Statesmen

23

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Béchir Sfar

البشير صفر

Tunisia

February 27, 1856 – March 1, 1917 (61 years old)

Eminent Tunisian social reformer, educator, and civic pioneer who co-founded the Khaldounia institute and led the Young Tunisians movement, laying the intellectual foundations for national self-determination through scientific education.

Tunis, Tunisia

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Mathematics

1

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Gaston Darboux

Jean-Gaston Darboux

France

1842 – 1917 (74 years old)

Eminent French mathematician whose monumental four-volume Leçons sur la théorie générale des surfaces established modern differential geometry, and who formulated the Darboux integral in real analysis.

Paris, France

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Humanitarian & Peace

40

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Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz

Oswaldo Cruz

Brazil

1872 – 1917 (44 years old)

Médecin bactériologiste brésilien, père de la santé publique moderne au Brésil, vainqueur de la fièvre jaune et de la peste à Rio de Janeiro.

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Politics

1

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Mandume ya Ndemufayo

Mandume ya Ndemufayo

Angola

1894-01-01 – 1917-02-06 (23 years old)

Legendary last sovereign King of the Kwanyama (Oukwanyama) who fiercely resisted both Portuguese and British-South African colonial invasions in southern Angola and northern Namibia.

Namacunde, Angola

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Prophets & Divine Messengers

7

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Cheikh Mustapha El Hamel

الشيخ مصطفى بن محمد بن بلقاسم

Algeria

1850 – 1917 (67 years old)

Revered head of the great Rahmaniyya Zawiya of El Hamel following Lalla Zaynab, who sheltered thousands of famine victims and defended national education.

El Hamel, Algeria

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Politics

0

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King Thibaw

သီပေါမင်း

Myanmar

1859-01-01 – 1916-12-19 (57 years old)

Last King of Burma whose defeat in the Third Anglo-Burmese War in November 1885 ended a millennium of Burmese royal independence, spending 31 years in British colonial exile in Ratnagiri, India.

Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India

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Military

1

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Bio Guéra

Gbaasi N'Guerra

Benin

1856-01-01 – 1916-12-17 (60 years old)

Formidable Wasangari prince and military commander who led the fierce 1916 Baura anti-colonial insurrection in northern Dahomey against French military conquest and forced conscription.

Bembéréké, Benin

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Literature & Poetry

41

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Natsume Kinnosuke (Natsume Sōseki)

夏目漱石

Japan

9 February 1867 – 9 December 1916 (49 years old)

Preeminent novelist of Meiji Japan and former 1000-yen banknote portrait who captured the agonizing spiritual collision between Western individualism and Japanese traditional community in Kokoro, Botchan, and I Am a Cat.

Tokyo, Japan

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Humanitarian & Peace

36

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Saint Charles Eugène de Foucauld

Charles de Foucauld

France

1858 – 1916 (58 years old)

Officier et explorateur français devenu ermite au Sahara, pionnier du rachat des esclaves et linguiste rédacteur du premier dictionnaire touareg-français.

El Menia (El Goléa), Algeria

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Literature & Poetry

8

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Emile Verhaeren

Émile Adolphe Gustave Verhaeren

Belgium

1855 – 1916 (61 years old)

Foremost Belgian poet of the nineteenth century whose visionary social collections Les Campagnes hallucinées and Les Villes tentaculaires captured the brutal power of the modern industrial age.

Sint-Amands (Antwerp), Belgium

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

49

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Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I (Ferenc József)

Austria

1830 – 1916 (86 years old)

Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary whose nearly 68-year reign created the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy and Ringstraße Vienna.

Vienna, Austria

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Monarchs, Kings & Royalty

27

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Sultan Ali Dinar

علي دينار (سلطان دارفور)

Sudan

c. 1856 – 1916 (60 years old)

The last sovereign Sultan of the Keira Sultanate of Darfur who restored his kingdom's independence in 1898, ruling for eighteen years before dying in battle against British imperial forces during WWI.

El Fasher (North Darfur), Sudan

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Literature & Poetry

2

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Dimcho Debelyanov

Димчо Дебелянов

Bulgaria

1887-03-28 – 1916-10-02 (29 years old)

Bulgaria's greatest elegiac lyric poet whose heartbreaking verses of quiet nostalgia, motherly love ('To Return to Your Father's House'), and wartime sacrifice ended when he fell in combat at age twenty-nine.

Koprivshtitsa, Bulgaria

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Arts & Music

42

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Umberto Boccioni

Umberto Boccioni

Italy

1882 – 1916 (33 years old)

Italian painter and sculptor who was the theoretical and visual leader of Futurism, celebrated for capturing dynamism, speed, and motion in dynamic bronze and fractured paint.

Chievo (Verona), Italy

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Resistance & Human Rights

43

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Roger Casement

Roger David Casement

Ireland

1 September 1864 – 3 August 1916 (51 years old)

Irish diplomat, humanitarian, and revolutionary who authored the official 1904 Casement Report exposing horrors in the Congo Free State and the Putumayo rubber slavery in the Amazon, executed by Britain for his role in the 1916 Easter Rising.

Pentonville Prison, London, Great Britain

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Sciences & Discovery

31

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Ilya Mechnikov

Илья Ильич Мечников

Ukraine

1845 – 1916 (71 years old)

Russian zoologist and microbiologist who discovered phagocytosis, establishing cellular innate immunity and earning the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine alongside Paul Ehrlich.

Paris, France

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